全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3733篇 |
免费 | 92篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 84篇 |
综合类 | 16篇 |
化学工业 | 681篇 |
金属工艺 | 86篇 |
机械仪表 | 65篇 |
建筑科学 | 79篇 |
矿业工程 | 13篇 |
能源动力 | 80篇 |
轻工业 | 336篇 |
水利工程 | 13篇 |
石油天然气 | 4篇 |
无线电 | 364篇 |
一般工业技术 | 626篇 |
冶金工业 | 904篇 |
原子能技术 | 58篇 |
自动化技术 | 420篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 42篇 |
2020年 | 25篇 |
2019年 | 31篇 |
2018年 | 31篇 |
2017年 | 47篇 |
2016年 | 67篇 |
2015年 | 52篇 |
2014年 | 72篇 |
2013年 | 141篇 |
2012年 | 131篇 |
2011年 | 168篇 |
2010年 | 126篇 |
2009年 | 126篇 |
2008年 | 121篇 |
2007年 | 144篇 |
2006年 | 99篇 |
2005年 | 110篇 |
2004年 | 109篇 |
2003年 | 69篇 |
2002年 | 94篇 |
2001年 | 77篇 |
2000年 | 54篇 |
1999年 | 66篇 |
1998年 | 254篇 |
1997年 | 133篇 |
1996年 | 122篇 |
1995年 | 101篇 |
1994年 | 69篇 |
1993年 | 83篇 |
1992年 | 47篇 |
1991年 | 57篇 |
1990年 | 62篇 |
1989年 | 61篇 |
1988年 | 51篇 |
1987年 | 34篇 |
1986年 | 38篇 |
1985年 | 48篇 |
1984年 | 31篇 |
1983年 | 29篇 |
1982年 | 33篇 |
1981年 | 29篇 |
1980年 | 25篇 |
1978年 | 28篇 |
1977年 | 39篇 |
1976年 | 63篇 |
1975年 | 26篇 |
1974年 | 25篇 |
1973年 | 41篇 |
1971年 | 20篇 |
1967年 | 22篇 |
排序方式: 共有3829条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
The Formation of Martensitic Austenite During Nitridation of Martensitic and Duplex Stainless Steels
Amirali Zangiabadi John C. Dalton Danqi Wang Frank Ernst Arthur H. Heuer 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2017,48(1):8-13
Isothermal martensite/ferrite-to-austenite phase transformations have been observed after low-temperature nitridation in the martensite and \(\updelta \)-ferrite phases in 15-5 PH (precipitation hardening), 17-7 PH, and 2205 (duplex) stainless steels. These transformations, in the region with nitrogen concentrations of 8 to 16 at. pct, are consistent with the notion that nitrogen is a strong austenite stabilizer and substitutional diffusion is effectively frozen at the paraequilibrium temperatures of our experiments. Our microstructural and diffraction analyses provide conclusive evidence for the martensitic nature of these phase transformations. 相似文献
102.
In the present work, we introduce a state parameter-based microstructure evolution model, which incorporates the effect of solute atoms and precipitates on recrystallization kinetics. The model accounts for local precipitate coarsening at grain boundaries, which promotes an average grain boundary movement even if the Zener pinning force exceeds the driving force for recrystallization. The impact of solute drag on the grain boundary mobility as well as simultaneous precipitation is discussed in detail. The model is validated on experimental data on recrystallization in V-micro-alloyed steel, where excellent agreement is achieved. 相似文献
103.
Sylvain Dépinoy Caroline Toffolon-Masclet Stéphane Urvoy Justine Roubaud Bernard Marini François Roch Ernst Kozeschnik Anne-Françoise Gourgues-Lorenzon 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2017,48(5):2164-2178
The effect of the tempering heat treatment, including heating prior to the isothermal step, on carbide precipitation has been determined in a 2.25 Cr-1 Mo bainitic steel for thick-walled applications. The carbides were identified using their amount of metallic elements, morphology, nucleation sites, and diffraction patterns. The evolution of carbide phase fraction, morphology, and composition was investigated using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, as well as thermodynamic calculations. Upon heating, retained austenite into the as-quenched material decomposes into ferrite and cementite. M7C3 carbides then nucleate at the interface between the cementite and the matrix, triggering the dissolution of cementite. M2C carbides precipitate separately within the bainitic laths during slow heating. M23C6 carbides precipitate at the interfaces (lath boundaries or prior austenite grain boundaries) and grow by attracting nearby chromium atoms, which results in the dissolution of M7C3 and, depending on the temperature, coarsening, or dissolution of M2C carbides, respectively. 相似文献
104.
Friedhelm D. Bauer 《Solid-state electronics》2008,52(7):1052-1057
A power law approach as used by Fulop for the treatment of impact ionization and breakdown in abrupt silicon P–N junctions [Fulop W. Calculation of avalanche breakdown voltages of silicon P–N junctions. Solid-State Electron. 1967;10:39–43] is developed in this paper to provide simple-to-use equations for the quantitative evaluation of cosmic ray related phenomena in high voltage power devices. Being empirical in nature, such approaches have no physical background and only serve the purpose of generating a simple and compact mathematical framework. The resulting compact model allows for a quick and straightforward computation of DC blocking voltages as a function of FIT rate, n-base doping and temperature. The determination of model parameters is based on the theory and data given in [Zeller HR. Cosmic ray induced failures in high power semiconductor devices. Solid-State Electron. 1995;38(12):2041–6]. With the new approach, calculating first-hand maximum DC blocking voltages for high voltage power semiconductor devices becomes as effortless as the calculation of the breakdown voltage. 相似文献
105.
Sonja Bauer Justus Behnisch Anna Dell Achim Gahr Michael Leinhos Hans Joachim Linke Weimin Shen Johanna Tolksdorf Martin Wagner 《化学,工程师,技术》2019,91(10):1472-1479
Water shortage is often a challenge for industrial park developments. To ensure a more sustainable water supply, the Industrial Wastewater Management Concept with a focus on Reuse (IW2MC→R) provides a strategy to meet the challenges. Main requirements to achieve water reuse fit for purpose are optimized wastewater treatment, an optimized sewer and pipe system, and an innovative water quality monitoring concept. To evaluate water‐reuse concepts, a reuse factor is calculated, which relates to all wastewater inflows to the central wastewater treatment plant and all reuse‐water flows. 相似文献
106.
Alasseur C. Scalise S. Husson L. Ernst H. 《Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on》2008,7(2):532-542
A key issue in the design of a mobile satellite communication system is an adequate knowledge of the statistical behavior of the propagation channel. To achieve this goal, the development of very accurate models plays a very important role. In contrast to traditional multi-state Markov chain based models, the novel approach proposed in this paper makes no prior assumptions on the number of states or on the statistical distributions characterizing each state. The sequence of channel states is blindly estimated using a Reversible Jump Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithm. 相似文献
107.
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae (FOT) secretes (+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-(S)-isoleucine ((+)-JA-Ile) to the growth medium together with about 10 times less 9,10-dihydro-(+)-7-iso-JA-Ile. Plants and fungi form (+)-JA-Ile from 18:3n-3 via 12-oxophytodienoic acid (12-OPDA), which is formed sequentially by 13S-lipoxygenase, allene oxide synthase (AOS), and allene oxide cyclase (AOC). Plant AOC does not accept linoleic acid (18:2n-6)-derived allene oxides and dihydrojasmonates are not commonly found in plants. This raises the question whether 18:2n-6 serves as the precursor of 9,10-dihydro-JA-Ile in Fusarium, or whether the latter arises by a putative reductase activity operating on the n-3 double bond of (+)-JA-Ile or one of its precursors. Incubation of pentadeuterated (d5) 18:3n-3 with mycelia led to the formation of d5-(+)-JA-Ile whereas d5-9,10-dihydro-JA-Ile was not detectable. In contrast, d5-9,10-dihydro-(+)-JA-Ile was produced following incubation of [17,17,18,18,18-2H5]linoleic acid (d5-18:2n-6). Furthermore, 9(S),13(S)-12-oxophytoenoic acid, the 15,16-dihydro analog of 12-OPDA, was formed upon incubation of unlabeled or d5-18:2n-6. Appearance of the α-ketol, 12-oxo-13-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid following incubation of unlabeled or [13C18]-labeled 13(S)-hydroperoxy-9(Z),11(E)-octadecadienoic acid confirmed the involvement of AOS and the biosynthesis of the allene oxide 12,13(S)-epoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid. The lack of conversion of this allene oxide by AOC in higher plants necessitates the conclusion that the fungal AOC is distinct from the corresponding plant enzyme. 相似文献
108.
Ernst‐Christian Koch 《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》2008,33(5):333-335
Radiometric performance of a sulphur‐based flare composition has been investigated. Composition comprising sulphur, potassium perchlorate and antimony sulphide has acceptable band ratio but an order of magnitude weaker spectral efficiency than typical carbon‐based compositions. The use of other sulphur compounds with potential for increased performance is discussed. For part III see Ref. [1]. 相似文献
109.
Jochen Stark Ernst Freyburg Katrin Seyfarth Colin Giebson Doreen Erfurt 《Beton- und Stahlbetonbau》2007,102(8):500-510
Assessment of the Alkali‐Reactivity of Aggregates Damages to concrete structures caused by the involvement of alkali‐silica reaction (ASR) are still today a world‐wide problem and increased in the last years despite of intensive research, available standards and guidelines. Especially pavement concretes (roads, airports) are affected by ASR due to the external alkali‐supply by deicers. At the F.A. Finger‐Institute for Building Material Sciences (FIB), a combination of an accelerated mortarbar test and comprehensive petrographic and mineralogic examinations are used for a short‐term assessment of the alkali‐reactivity of aggregates. For a reliable assessment of the ASR damage‐potential of specific concretes, a new developed ASR performance‐test, the cyclic climate storage, is used. 相似文献
110.
Ronald Schnitzer Rene Radis Matthias Nöhrer Michael Schober Rainer Hochfellner Silvia Zinner E. Povoden-Karadeniz Ernst Kozeschnik Harald Leitner 《Materials Chemistry and Physics》2010
The mechanical properties of maraging steels are strongly influenced by the presence of reverted austenite. In this study, the morphology and chemical composition of reverted austenite in a corrosion resistant maraging steel was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT). Two types of austenite, i.e. granular and elongated, are present after aging at 575 °C, whereby the content of the latter increases during aging. The investigations revealed that the austenite phase is enriched in Ni, which prevents the transformation to martensite during cooling. Inside and next to the austenitc areas, Mo and Cr-rich carbides, which form during the aging treatment, were found. Various aging treatments were performed to obtain the activation energy for the formation of reverted austenite. Additionally, the experimental data are compared with thermodynamic and kinetic simulations. Based on these results and the chemical composition changes of the phases, a model for the formation of reverted austenite is presented. It is concluded that precipitation of B2-ordered NiAl and formation of reverted austenite take place simultaneously during aging and that dissolution of precipitates is not essential for the initial formation of reverted austenite. 相似文献